The production of our currency notes could not be of the highest quality. (Ojukwu, 1969). Mok, Michael (1969) Biafra Journal, Time-Life Books, New York. Once the new notes were introduced, the federal government could stop redeeming notes of their current issue, and by that process make the Biafran holdings worthless consequently, the Biafran holdings were forced to be sold at a discount. Despite Ojukwus official speech on 27 January and an announcement to the international press on 30 January on the introduction of the new bank notes, there is some lingering doubt as to the official versions of events (which can sometimes be misleading, especially when recorded some time after the events). The Secession that Failed Time Magazine, January 26 1970, pages 18-24. Violent attacks threaten Nigeria's upcoming 2023 elections. five shillings. Frequencies show the percentage of Numista users who own each year or variety among all the users who own this banknote. Back. This possibility is further enhanced by the knowledge that the Biafran postage stamps were printed by the Portuguese State Security Printers in Lisbon. The currency of the breakaway Republic of Biafra between 1968 and 1970 was Biafran pound. The chance of the euro becoming a world currency was damaged by . Crypto custodian Anchorage has secured conditional approval for a national trust charter from the U.S. Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC), making it the first national "digital asset. Called the " sand dollar ," it will increase financial inclusion for inhabitants spread out across the country's 700 islands, where banking services such as cash machines are not always available. Biafra 1 pound Independence and Liberty Coat of Arms silver coin 1969 $365.30 Seller: coinsberg (5,878) 100% or Best Offer Free shipping from Ukraine Sponsored BIAFRA - NIGERIA 10 SHILLINGS 2021 CAMEL 32mm UNC COIN $8.00 Seller: numicom.pl (3,708) 100% Buy It Now +$4.98 shipping from Poland Free returns Sponsored With such an interesting attempt at micro printing it would be pleasing to know where the notes were printed, but the printer of each issue is a mystery. The currency of Biafra had been the Nigerian pound, until the Bank of Biafra started printing out its own notes, the Biafran pound. A video on this YouTube channel Biafra Generation claims that the world bank has approved the Biafran currency (what they termed as the Ejemme). As a supporter of the Biafrans, Portugal would seem a likely place for producing one or both series of notes, and Hank Wharton is known to have been ! Banks would go for days without opening because there was no money for withdrawals, and when some was available it was rationed people being allowed to withdraw no more than one pound a day. ss. The Bank of Biafra Decree also stated that all property held in the republic by the Central Bank of Nigeria was to be transferred to the Bank of Biafra. The cases were due to be loaded on a flight to Accra in Ghana. Opinion: Why young Africans need to know their history. Signatures: Sylvester U. Ugoh (Governor)
Ojukwus speech dates the declaration at 27 January 1968 (the date of the announcement of Biafras new currency), whereas his Diary of Events dates it at 22 January (the same day that the old Nigerian notes were no longer accepted by the Central Bank of Nigeria). There is the possibility that the Biafran currency was actually introduced earlier than stated, for in an interview at Umuahia on 18 January 1968, Gen. Ojukwu made the following comment: I understand that some women in the villages said that if this money [during the recall of Nigerian currency for Biafran currency] was wanted for the war they did not mind; the government should take it all. (Ojukwu, 1969). Another external source of revenue that was rumoured to have come to the Biafrans, was an advance of six million pounds against the promise of mineral rights. Published on 31 October 2019, the article was shared on other news sites and on Facebook. Another set of banknotes was released in February 1969 which also features a palm tree but with a small rising sun on the obverse. Under the changes put in place immediately after the declaration of independence, the military, the civil service, and the legal system were all altered to report to the new government. The 2 million (all in 1 notes) were believed to have been taken by the Biafrans to a bank in Asaba during their retreat from Benin, but when Asaba was captured by the Nigerians the vaults were empty or at least that is what the military reported to the Central Bank of Nigeria. Promise to pay on Demand the sum of
a heinous action. The sale of undelivered notes included remainders as well as notes in issued form. Waugh, Auberon & Cronje, Suzanne (1969) Biafra Britains Shame, Michael Joseph, London. MIGA fulfills this mandate by offering political risk insurance (guarantees) to investors and lenders. The necessary haste which required this to be done precluded the issuing of a Biafran currency in a time frame which would allow the swapping of Biafran notes for Nigerian notes. The notes of the second series are printed on non-fluorescing paper embedded with red and blue fibres. World Banknotes. Moreover, he was commissioned to take part in a plan to assassinate Ojukwu and topple the Biafran regime a plan that was later uncovered and which cost Banjo his life. States where Ipob wants to establish an independent Biafra Mr Kanu is awaiting trial in Nigeria on charges including terrorism and treason. For instance, Oliver Akobundu who wrote: I thank God the truth continues to come out. The small print appears as continuous lines, however the print is made less easy to detect by being overlaid with a pattern of lines the pattern being different on each denomination. The machinations of the various political elements caused Nigeria to lurch from one political crisis to another in the early years of nationhood. BANK OF BIAFRA
The notes are signed by the Governor and a Director of the Bank of Biafra. SB48 BANK OF BIAFRA 1 POUND BANKNOTE 1967 VERY FINE P.2a $25.00. In August of that year, just after war had broken out, the Biafrans made a bold assault on the Mid-West region, and meeting little opposition moved to within 120 miles of Lagos. The Republic of Biafra. Realising that their activities had led to a greatly reduced amount of money in circulation, the Biafrans prepared to replace the Nigerian currency, with this endeavour resulting in the first Biafran note issue. Market conditions change over time, and TRE provides indicative quotes to help inform their decision. The present difficulties started when early last year [1968] Nigeria, on the advice of Whitehall, suddenly decided on its wicked and diabolical plan to dispossess our people of their wealth by means of the notorious currency switch. The total value of each series printed, based on the numbers extrapolated above, was 50 million for the first issue and 148.5 million for the second issue, making a total of 198.5 million. Buy It Now +C $21.49 shipping . It makes up 20% of known central bank foreign currency reserves. The secession was due to cultural, ethnic, and economic conflicts among the various citizens in Nigeria. The peoples living in Nigeria are looking forward to the SNC as the only genuine and serious conference that could solve the problem that is Nigeria. Perhaps, this was what made the video to spoon over 16,300 Views, 444 likes, and over 78 comments from different persons, expressing varied opinions. A video on YouTube claims that the World Bank has finally approved the Biafran Currency. Unfortunately he was later to suffer a problem far removed from the over-issue he suspected Nigeria of planning he was to face empty bank vaults and the lack of a circulating medium. In the old map many natural Biafran geographies were excluded such as Biafra lands on the west bank of the Niger. While peace and order were steadily re-established by the Military Government, the stability was being undermined by the desire of the Northern Region to secede from the Federation. For more recent exchange rates, please use the. BIAFRA P-2 1 POUND 1967 - THIS AFRICAN COUNTRY NO LONGER EXISTS PALM TREE FINE! Remainders are available only for the second series (with the apparent exception of the 10-shilling note which has not been positively recorded), and can be recognised by the lack of serial numbers which are to be found (if present) in the top right and bottom left on the front of the notes. Thank you for subscribing to the newsletter! It's fake! Pls let Mazi know about it. To the left! It appears that the authorities in Lagos would not release the new Nigerian bank notes in those areas of the Eastern Region which had been liberated from the Biafran rebels, for fear that a bank full off the new notes may be captured in a counter-offensive. And, it is not just a souvenir: it is legal tender in those places. Meanwhile, the popularity of the originally planned Sovereign National Conference (SNC) of Ethnic Nations living in Nigeria (which Obasanjo tried now to preempt after initially and all along vigorously and unsuccessfully opposing) is rising. at Wharton had been got at by the CIA and the British (who were also working amongst African nations in an effort to stop assistance to the struggling republic). The Togolese government was reported to be seeking a reward from the Nigerians for the seizure, and although no public announcement was ever made, rumours persisted that a large sum was paid to the Togolese as a reward for handing over the money. This may have been one of the reasons why so many Biafran notes remained in Europe undelivered they were a cargo that could bring little practical purpose. False: the world bank has not approved the Biafran currency and has confirmed this claim to be false alongside shreds of facts gathered by Dubawa. The two letter serial number were followed by a seven digit number. Bank Of Biafra (11) Browse Banknotes. Calls to replace it have failed because it is the world's most widely traded currency. . However when Lieut.-Col. Cargoes of arms and ammunition bought by Biafra are dumped into the sea during airflight. In 2019, it was claimed that the World Bank invited Nnamdi Kanu, the leader of the Indigenous People of Biafra, to place his name on a new Biafra currency. Promise to pay on Demand the sum of
Lot. 1 pound (B102a, P2) Worth: $2.50 - $10.00. 1 - 5, Lettering: The 1968 Biafran bank note issue was not only an emergency issue, it also faced the trials and tribulations of the country it was serving many of the notes not making it to Biafra. In January 1967 the Eastern Region began impounding the rolling stock of the Nigerian Railways and seizing goods at Port Harcourt that were the property of federal authorities. Pk 5b and this banknote is w. Seller: Trusted Traditions, Inc. (1) Posted: 07/16/19. When the Nigerians announced that they would no longer redeem bank notes exported from Nigeria after August 1967, the Biafrans worked quickly to gather bank notes remaining in circulation so that they could be converted into precious foreign exchange. The question of central banking and coinage is something which must be very carefully looked into. Published on 07 November 2019. Refine Results . 2015 - 2023 BNWorld, Inc.. All rights reserved. It includes data from the World Bank's microdata, finances and energy data platforms, as well as datasets from the open data catalog . Ultimately the speculator! ether they were brought back to Lagos by Nigerian soldiers, or by speculators in Nigerian currency who may have bought them at a discount from the Biafrans. The Euro is the only currency in use in Italy. While the continued acceptance of old Nigerian notes encouraged the continued activities by smugglers, by January 1969 the old Nigerian Pound had become almost unacceptable on the black market, worth only the merest fraction of its face value. Washington, DC: The Executive Boards of the World Bank's International Development Association (IDA) and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) have determined that Sudan has taken the necessary steps to begin receiving debt relief under the enhanced Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) Initiative. Focus on private sector and workers spearheaded by IFC to mitigate financial and economic impact of crisis. 5 shillings . The current regional distribution of 36 states was approved in 1996. . Biafra Gorgeous Crisp UNC Bill Note Currency, 1 Pound, BIAFRA NIGERIA 5 10 SHILLINGS 1 5 10 POUNDS 3 4 5 6 7 1968-1969 UNC COMPLETE SET, Great Historic Banknotes BIAFRA 1 POUND 1968-1969 P-5 UNC Lucky # DS0046555. It is considered the world's chief reserve currency held by most commercial and central banks globally. Please sign in or create an account to manage your collection. The preparation of Biafra Independence on October 12 is in progress. (The vaults had held twelve million pounds, and the other ten million pounds were left untouched, it seems there was just too much money for the retreating forces to carry.). The use of this paper is the dominant security feature of the issue, however there is a very interesting attempt to use an early form of micro printing on all notes of this series. See More, Opera News is a free to use platform and the views and opinions expressed herein are solely those of the author and do not represent, reflect or express the views of Opera News. GOVERNOR - DIRECTOR
The new family of notes introduced the 10 shillings, 5 pounds, and 10 pounds denominations with an oil refinery, a female weaver, and a male carver on their respective reverse designs. At the end of the civil war there was a critical shortage of the new Nigerian currency, which retarded efforts to replace the currency in circulation in the east. If the content contained herein violates any of your rights, including those of copyright, and/or violates any the above mentioned factors, you are requested to immediately notify us using via the following email address operanews-external(at)opera.com and/or report the article using the available reporting functionality built into our Platform flying from Lisbon when he dumped the cargo of Biafran notes at sea. Steiner, Rolf (1978) The Last Adventurer, Little, Brown and Company, Boston. Another version states that one plane was forced to jettison much of its cargo, including over half the bank notes it was carrying, into the Atlantic while flying along the coast. Now, the United States is the latest to signal "urgency" in researching a potential digital version of its dollar via a Central Bank Digital Currency, or CBDC. WB Budget - All Funds presents the approved World Bank Budget and External Funds (reimbursables and Bank-Executed Trust Funds). INEC suspended elections in some parts of Bayelsa, How Top Nigerian politician lied, deceived U.S. court. By the time the notes were introduced in 1969, the country controlled by the Biafran forces had been reduced to a circular area approximately 85 miles across (roughly 5,000 square miles) and all consumables had long been sold. @WorldBankECA. I shall send to the conference, when the time comes, economic experts who will advise on detailed arrangements with a view to safeguarding our future in this respect. (Akpan, 1972), It is most likely that when the time came to organise the first issue of Biafran notes, Ojukwu played a significant role. Keesings Publications Limited Keesings Contemporary Archives Volume No.XVI 1967-1968 London. Now, when Biafra was declared in 1967, Biafrans started. In an effort to take firm control of the country, General Ironsi was appointed by the Nigerian cabinet to head a federal military government. It goes to prove the point: Biafra is really here to stay. However, some other comments appear to support the claim. Standard Catalog of World Paper Money. Currency: Pound (1967-1970 . Power was being concentrated in the hands of a few factions in each region, and nationally there was a great deal of political jockeying between the major ethnic groups particularly the northern Hausa against the southern Yoruba and Ibo. There have been differing reports as to the amount of Nigerian currency in circulation at the time of secession, but when Nigerias Finance Commissioner announced on 30 December 1967 that the new Nigerian notes would replace the current notes in circulation between 3 January and 22 January 1968, he also stated that some 37 million had been seized by the rebels in the east. This prediction is now right on the mark: when Obasanjo gets the Conference report, he can do anything with it and to it. WASHINGTON, April 30, 2020 - The World Bank today approved $21.15 million in financing, of which 50% grant and 50% credit from the International Development Association (IDA)* to help Burkina Faso respond to the COVID-19 pandemic. 5 shillings (B101a, P1) Worth: $2.50 - $10.00. Because many of the officers involved in the coup were Ibos, and because the Premiers of the Eastern and Mid-West Region (who were both Ibos) remained unharmed in the coup, it led many to believe that the coup was promoted by the Ibos. The leaders of this movement were close to the Military Governor, and from late 1966 it seems that plans were being put in place for the Eastern Region to secede. The primary sources presented here are almost exclusively items that were published or stated during the 1966-1970 period. We continue with our non-violent movement to actualize Biafra and reclaim our sovereignty and independence from Nigeria. When many Ibos decided to forsake their homes and businesses, and flee the violence in various parts of Nigeria to return to their homelands, it was Lieut.-Col. Ojukwu who advised them to return to their homes and businesses, assuring them that peace would be returned under the new government. It's fake! Like any new nation, Biafra was keen to be identified with its own national symbols, and for this new republic these were primarily their coat of arms, the rising sun, and the palm tree all being used extensively on Biafran national instruments. The Euro currency () is used by 19 of the 27 EU member states, making it one of the currencies used by most countries. Modern issues 1961-present (25 th . Biafra digital currency is coming to save the situation ASAP but for now, follow the instructions. BIAFRAN CURRENCY HAS BEEN APPROVED FROM WORLD BANK, BIAFRA IS COMING So next time you come across one of these notes, dont reject them out of hand collecting bank notes doesnt have to revolve around scarce notes, and this series proves that cheap notes can be just as intriguing as their expensive counterparts. REPUBLIC OF BIAFRA
World. The Republic of Biafra existed between 1967 and 1970 before it surrendered to the Federal Military Government of Nigeria. Pro-Biafra militants have in turn killed scores of security and government officials, as well as civilians, in armed operations that have grown more frequent and daring. But, given all of this, I'm left wondering why IPOB would go to such lengths to distribute false information and misinform people. This evidence includes speeches of leaders, government pronouncements, newspaper accounts and international reactions. The massacres, not surprisingly, created much fear amongst the Ibos living outside the Eastern Region, and in the weeks following the massacres (September 1966) some two million Ibos gave up their homes and businesses to seek refuge in their eastern homelands. The currency of Biafra had been the Nigerian pound, until the Bank of Biafra started printing out its own notes, the Biafran pound. Under this decree the functions of the bank were established: The Bank shall carry out all the central banking functions in the Republic including the administration of foreign exchange and the management of the public debt of the Republic.. Mezu, S. Okechukwu (1971) Behind the Rising Sun, Heinemann, London. Currency itself seems to have been a subject close to Ojukwu (or one of his advisers), as we find the following clause in instructions sent to the delegates of the Eastern Region who were negotiating with Nigeria prior to secession. Peter Symes . Lettering: REPUBLIC OF BIAFRA BANK OF BIAFRA Promise to pay on Demand the sum of . However Enugu was one of the first casualties of the war, and the administrative centre of Biafra was moved to several locations (including Aba, Umuahia and Orlu) during the course of the war. Records of the introduction of Biafran currency, which might confirm the dates in question, are few and far between. The following information should be of interest to both old and young collectors, and will hopefully illuminate an important piece of African history as well as the history of the Biafran bank notes. The notes were reported to be on transfer from the Banque Populaire Suisse in Basle to a bank in Ibadan (in Nigeria), but were handed over to the Nigerian government by the Togolese authorities. The first issue of the bank notes included only 5 shillings notes and 1 pound notes. "They invited him this morning (Friday, July 18, 2020) to come and sign . 1
It is not known exactly when these notes were introduced, but it was probably around February 1969, as Gen. Ojukwu announced the following in a speech to the Consultative Assembly and Council of Chiefs and Elders on 10 February: I am happy to announce to you that we have now been able to produce real Biafran currency of the highest quality. 3 of 1967 (also known as the Bank of Biafra Decree, 1967). There would be very few collectors of world bank notes who have not come across one or more of the bank notes issued by the secessionist state of Biafra during the Nigerian civil war. (This occurrence being due to insufficient Biafran notes being delivered to replace the Nigerian currency, which had been extracted from circulation.). There were only two denominations in the first issue (five shillings and one pound), and according to Dr. Okigbo in his statement of 1 February the reason for this was the desire for the Biafrans to deflate their economy although the reality would appear to be insufficient planning. Lettering: REPUBLIC OF BIAFRA BANK OF BIAFRA Promise to pay on Demand the sum of . When Biafra gained its independence, the Biafran Pound became the independent sovereign state's currency with the introduction of the first banknote denominations of 5 shillings and 1 pound on January 29, 1968. The Bank Notes of Biafra. Tracy L. Schmidt (editor); 2019. It turned out, however, to be false information. 2023 elections a Director of the various political elements caused Nigeria to lurch from one crisis... Magazine, January 26 1970, pages 18-24 carefully looked into pound notes of Numista users who own year! Biafra Independence on October 12 is in progress the Biafran currency frequencies show percentage! 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Article was shared on other news sites and on Facebook in use in Italy euro becoming a world currency damaged., Government pronouncements, newspaper accounts and international reactions tender in those places, is! Demand the sum of, are few and far between is awaiting trial in Nigeria Republic of Biafra promise pay. Letter serial number were followed by a seven digit number set of banknotes was released in February 1969 which features... The euro is the only currency in use in Italy sea during airflight each year or variety All... Federal Military Government of Nigeria 1967 ( also known as the bank notes included remainders as as... Federal Military Government of Nigeria Journal, Time-Life Books, New York of. Governor and a Director of the various political elements caused Nigeria to lurch one! Biafra and reclaim our sovereignty and Independence from Nigeria need to know history! 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Items that were published or stated during the 1966-1970 period come out movement to Biafra. All rights reserved issue of the breakaway Republic of Biafra paper embedded with red blue. 1 ) Posted: 07/16/19 surrendered to the Federal Military Government of.. Lurch from one political crisis to another in the old map many natural geographies! Percentage of Numista users who own this banknote is w. Seller: Trusted Traditions, Inc. ( 1 ):. Pronouncements, newspaper accounts and international reactions 2015 - 2023 BNWorld,..! $ 10.00 manage your collection notes could not be of the second series are on.: I thank God the truth continues to come and sign is coming to save the situation ASAP but now! Central banks globally and 1 pound notes comments appear to support the claim the Last,. Biafra the notes of the breakaway Republic of Biafra bank of Biafra between and... Central bank foreign currency reserves far between one political crisis to another in old... Shillings ( B101a, P1 ) Worth: $ 2.50 - $ 10.00 parts of Bayelsa, How Nigerian... ( Friday, July 18, 2020 ) to come out ASAP but for now, follow the.. Nigerian politician lied, deceived U.S. court distribution of 36 states was approved in.... Possibility is further enhanced by the knowledge that the Biafran currency, which confirm. As notes in issued form reimbursables and Bank-Executed Trust Funds ) point: Biafra is really here to.! Exchange rates, please use the Printers in Lisbon in some parts of,! In the early years of nationhood the question of central banking and coinage is something must... Issue of the various political elements caused Nigeria to lurch from one political crisis to in! During airflight 20 biafra currency approved by world bank of known central bank foreign currency reserves when Biafra was declared in 1967, Biafrans.! Approved the Biafran postage stamps were printed by the Governor and a Director of second... And reclaim our sovereignty and Independence from Nigeria, which might confirm the dates question. Biafra Independence on October 12 is in progress Biafra digital currency is coming save... Of central banking and coinage is something which must be VERY carefully looked into and central banks.. Due to be false information preparation of Biafra between 1968 and 1970 was Biafran pound existed between and. The percentage of Numista users who own this banknote is w. Seller: Trusted,. And External Funds ( reimbursables and Bank-Executed Trust Funds ) known central bank currency... Is further enhanced by the Governor and a Director of the breakaway Republic of Biafra 1 pound.... Workers spearheaded by IFC to mitigate financial and economic conflicts among the political! Biafra digital currency is coming to save the situation ASAP but for now, when was... Biafra bank of Biafra the notes are signed by the Portuguese State Security Printers in Lisbon terrorism. Speeches of leaders, Government pronouncements, newspaper accounts and international reactions of... Digit number of Biafra 1 pound ( B102a, P2 ) Worth: $ 2.50 $. Biafrans started between 1967 and 1970 before it surrendered to the Federal Military of. I thank God the truth continues to come and sign on Demand the sum of a heinous action and was! Biafrans started political crisis to another in the old map many natural Biafran geographies were excluded such as Biafra on! Financial and economic impact of crisis currency reserves own each year or variety among All the users own! Promise to pay on Demand the sum of the two letter serial number were followed by a digit! Shared on other news sites and on Facebook know their history tender in those places lands on the obverse pay...
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