advantages and disadvantages of the animal welfare act 2006

After enduring lives of pain, loneliness and terror, almost all of them will be killed, (Animal Testing 101). (c) Carriers or intermediate handlers whose facilities fail to meet the minimum temperature allowed by the standards may accept for transportation or transport, in commerce, any marine mammal . if the consignor furnishes to the carrier or intermediate handler a certificate executed by the attending veterinarian . on a specified date which shall not be more than 10 days prior to delivery of such animal for transportation, in commerce, stating that the marine mammal is acclimated to an air temperature range lower or higher than those prescribed is sections 3.117 and 3.118. 3.86 (c)). 3.110 (d)). 5. Animal experimentation is cruel but necessary for the survival of both human beings and animals. 3.89 (a)). In 1966, Congress passed the Laboratory Animal Welfare Act (P.L. (Sect.2.126 (a)(5)). (c) Carriers and intermediate handlers must not accept a nonhuman primate for transport in commerce unless the consignor certifies in writing to the carrier or intermediate handler that the nonhuman primate was offered food and water during the 4 hours before delivery to the carrier or intermediate handler. For this purpose of this Act, pet animal shall include birds. Official websites use .gov The Animal Welfare Act 2006 (the 2006 Act) is the principal law relating to animal welfare. Good enough if the test results will come out conclusive. (a) A class "A" dealer (breeder) shall identify all live dogs and cats as indicated in section 2.50 (a). (Sect. law as well as criminal and human rights law. (Sect.2.40 (a)(3)). Transfer of animals by way of sale or prize to persons under 16 12. Test. However, many animal activist groups such as, People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA), have spoken out against the issue. (Sect. This 2022 report covers a brief background of the AWA and lays out various animal welfare issues stakeholders have called upon Congress to address. Dealers and exhibitors must develop, document, and follow an appropriate plan for environment enhancement adequate to promote the psychological well-being of nonhuman primates. (b) Any dealer, research facility or exhibitor offering any dog or cat to a carrier or intermediate handler for transportation must securely attach to the outside of the primary enclosure used for transporting the dog or cat, written instructions for the in-transit food and water requirements for a 24 hour period for the dogs and cats contained in the enclosure. The model has a number of advantages which include the following: the systematic identification of a wide range of impacts associated with a variety of control tools; the production of relative rankings of tools in terms of their welfare impacts; the easy incorporation of new information into assessments; and the highlighting of additional Animal-testing is the use of non-human animals in research and development projects, especially for purposes of determining the safety of substances, such as foods, beauty products, and/or drugs. Ethical concerns. Exposure of humans to risky substances or possibly hazardous materials will also be cut down, preventing diseases and other side effects. The Animal Welfare Act (AWA) was signed into law on August 24, 1966. Our inspectors conduct unannounced visits to licensed or registered facilities where they review all areas of care and treatment covered under the law. 3.136 (b)). Section 3.13 Consignment to carriers and intermediate handlers. 2.11 Conclusions and implications. In the context of applications of genetic engineering in human life, misuse of this technology in the production of biological warfare or weapons is a very major disadvantage. As a library service, AWIC provides information, products and services related to the improved care and use of animals in research, testing, and teaching as . View. In the case of a part-time attending veterinarian or consultant arrangements, the formal arrangements shall include a written program of veterinary care and regularly scheduled visits to the premises of the dealer or exhibitor;". (Sect. (1) "The other person agrees in writing to comply with the regulations in part 2 and the standards in part 3 of this subchapter and allow inspection of his premises by an APHIS official during business hours; and" (Sect.2.102 (a)(1)). The AWA has been amended numerous times since its original passage in 1966. While the problem of conducting experiments on animals draws attention of the society, the speech would present the limitation of animal experiments and outline the alternatives. (3) Records of any exemptions must be maintained and made available to USDA officials upon request. 3.81 (e)). Costs, benefits and ethics of animal welfare. The Animal Welfare Act (AWA) requires that minimum standards of care and treatment be provided for certain animals bred for commercial sale;used in research, teaching, ortesting;transported commercially;or exhibited to the public. Should we continue experimenting new drug on these animals and make our life easy on their pain or should we for better meant for our society practice and observe new drug on these animals. Persuasive Speech Animal Testing 1084 Words | 5 Pages Many may argue that the use of animals for entertainment is ok because it is what the animals were born to do (ProQuest Staff); however,the use of animals for entertainment is not okay and constitutes animal cruelty because the animals are not getting the care they need, and the animals are suffering. (Sect. Improving . Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. A copy of such certificate shall accompany the shipment to destination. There is only one fundamental right: To live successfully, a man has to make his own choices as well as animals too (Roleff,2014,p.33). A number of countries continue to have laws on prevention of cruelty to animals that date from early to mid-20th century, before the significant development and internationalization of the animal welfare movement. It is the only Federal law in the United States that regulates the treatment of animals in research, teaching, testing, exhibition, transport, and by dealers. Therefore, animal testing ultimately saves humans, even if this is at the expense of non-human animals. The 2011 Act is very similar in format and content to the Animal Welfare Act 2006 of England and Wales. With respect to a dog, the term means all dogs including those used for hunting, security, or breeding purposes (see section 1.1 for definition). (Sect.2.102 (a)(2)). Increased trade: NAFTA more than tripled trade between Canada, Mexico, and the United States after it was enacted. Section 3.87 Primary enclosure used to transport nonhuman primates. Pose problems with food consumption Animal meat provides a different source of protein, vitamins and minerals, something that opponents of animal rights claim that will not be found on any vegetable or fruit. (f) Primary enclosures used to transport marine mammals . shall be clearly marked on top and on one or more sides with the words "Live Animal" or "Wild Animal" . in letters not less than 1 inch in height, and with arrows or other markings, t o indicate the correct upright position of the container. These animals live among humans and are providing a lot more benefits to them in every way. seq. Therefore, as part of AWICs mission, we provide information on the AWA to help people understand the law and its requirements. (a) ". Consignors who are subject to Animal Welfare regulations (9 CFR parts 1, 2 and 3) must certify that each nonhuman primate was offered food and potable water within the 4 hours preceding delivery of the nonhuman primate to a carrier or intermediate handler for transportation in commerce, and must certify the date and time the food and potable water was offered, in accordance section 3.86 (c) of this subpart." (Sect.2.80 (a)). It is the only Federal law in the United States that regulates the treatment of animals in research, teaching, testing, exhibition, transport, and by dealers. (c) Carriers and intermediate handlers whose facilities fail to meet the minimum temperature requirements may accept live hamsters for transportation if the consignor furnishes a certificate executed by a veterinarian, no more than 10 days prior to delivery for transport, stating that such live hamster is acclimated to air temperatures lower than those prescribed in sections 3.40 and 3.41. Section 3.112 Consignment to carriers and intermediate handlers. 3.87 (g)). Section 3.86 Consignment to carriers and intermediate handlers. Extent of the Zoo Licensing Act 2.1 Section 1 makes clear that all zoos that are open to the public, with or without charge on seven or more days in a twelve-month period need a licence from their local authority to operate. Laws to protect animals, however, already exist in Europe as early as the 1600s. The completed application, the application fee indicated in section 2.1 (d) and the annual license fee indicated in table 1 or 2 of section 2.6 are to be filed with the APHIS, AC Regional Director. Such animals may need fewer veterinary interventions, use of special feed supplements, or other growth stimulants. When this happens no human will be safe. (Sect.2.80 (b)). The Animal Welfare Act has improved the lives of some animals, but it leaves much to be desired, in part because farm animals don't fall under its purview. The system of patronage has very distinct advantages and disadvantages. Animals in research and teaching The domains of the most up-to-date Model described here are: 1 Nutrition, 2 Physical Environment, 3 Health, 4 Behavioural Interactions and 5 Mental State. (a) (1) Each dealer and exhibitor, except auction sales and brokers, shall make and maintain records or forms that correctly disclose the information required in section 2.75 (a) for each dog or cat acquired, held, transported, or disposed of. So why mess with the works of Mother Nature? let`s find out. 3.113 (f)). Instructions must be in compliance with section 3.89. Some of the most obvious advantages of public welfare include a greater level of equality amongst citizens, happier people, and less crime. Section 2.132 Procurement of random source dogs and cats, dealers. There are countless other types of exploitation including: intentional torture, organized abuse, neglect, sexual abuse, experimentation, puppy mills, greyhound, The Animal Bill of Rights is a petition sponsored by the Animal Legal Defense Fund that protects animals from unnecessary suffering caused by humans. Test. It was created to approve all animals used in research. 2.1 (a)(2)). (1) "Each dealer and exhibitor shall employ an attending veterinarian under formal arrangements. Since there were initiatives to protect laboratory animals it took many years until there was a national law to protect laboratory animals in the U.S. Animal testing should be abolished because it is unnecessary, inaccurate, and cruel to animals. (1) If, in the opinion of the attending veterinarian, it is inappropriate for certain dogs to exercise because of their health, condition, or well-being, the dealer or exhibitor may be exempted from meeting the requirements of this section for those dogs. Instructions for the administration of drugs, medication, and other special care must be attached to each primary enclosure in a manner that makes them easy to notice, to detach for examination, and to reattach securely. (b) Water and power supply. 2.133 (b)). The termanimalmeans any live or dead dog, cat, monkey (nonhuman primate mammal), guinea pig, hamster, rabbit, or such other warm-blooded animal, as the Secretary may determine is being used, or is intended for use, for research, testing, experimentation, or exhibition purposes, or as a pet; but such term excludes (1) birds, rats of the genus Rattus, and mice of the genus Mus, bred for use in research, (2) horses not used for research purposes, and (3) other farm animals, such as, but not limited to livestock or poultry, used or intended for use as food or fiber, or livestock or poultry used or intended for use for improving animal nutrition, breeding, management, or production efficiency, or for improving the quality of food or fiber. These requirements are found in Title 9 CFR, Chapter 1, Subchapter A - Animal Welfare, Parts 1, 2, and 3. Section 2.75 Records: Dealers and exhibitors. Farmers can reduce their production costs since they don't have to spend a lot of money on chemicals and fertilizers. This will result in destruction of economies based on these products. Preventing animals suffering This means enforcement agencies and our inspectors can now act by advising and educating owners before their pets suffer. Welfare programs help people during their greatest time of need. Because of how expensive animal testing is some companies even go as far as to breed animals specifically for testing so they can sell them for a high price. It allows the confiscation of individual. (Sect. Very much a product of the recommendations of the Scottish Law Commission, the statute directs courts to regard "the welfare of the child concerned as its paramount consideration".9 The original version of the Act said nothing further about welfare. (Sect. (3) To make copies of the records. The plan must be in accordance with the currently accepted professional standards as cited in appropriate professional journals or reference guides, and as directed by the attending veterinarian. chlorine and copper) that are added to the water to maintain water quality standards. Records must be kept documenting the time when all such samples were taken and the results of the sampling. Because of how expensive animal testing is some companies even go as far as to breed animals specifically for testing so they can sell them for a high price. A copy of such certification shall accompany the shipment to destination. 3.89 (b)). They have been prepared by the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) in order to assist the reader in understanding the Act. While USDA considers the humane treatment of animals to be important, the USDA's regulatory authority does not extend to farm animals used for food, fiber, or other agricultural purposes. (g) Documents accompanying the shipment shall be attached in an easily accessible manner to the outside of the primary enclosure. 3.13 (b)). Subpart D - Attending Veterinarian and Adequate Veterinary Care. Section 3.81 Environment enhancement to promote psychological well-being. (b) Any carrier or intermediate handler shall only accept for transportation or transport, in commerce, any live animal in a primary enclosure which conforms to the requirements set forth in section 3.137 of the standards:Provided, however,That any carrier or intermediate handler may accept for transportation or transport, in commerce, any live animal . if the consignor furnishes to the carrier or intermediate handler a certificate, signed by the consignor, stating that the primary enclosure complies with section 3.137 of the standards, unless such primary enclosure is obviously defective or damaged and it is apparent that it cannot reasonably be expected to contain the live animal without causing suffering or injury to such live animal. (Sect. Some people believe that animal, The Pros And Cons Of The Animal Welfare Act. Visitors to zoos have the ability to get close to animals that might be dangerous or so rare that seeing them in their natural habitat might be impossible. Pros and Cons of an Animal ID System Proponents' Claimed Benefits Opponents' Claimed Criticisms Development of a National Animal ID System Species Coverage USDA's Involvement NAIS Business Plan NAIS User Guide NAIS Program Standards and Technical Reference NAIS Goals NAIS Program Implementation Step 1. When using the high welfare methods it raises the price of eggs by 18% which is about 49 cents per dozen. The animals which are in testing facilities are fully vaccinated, provided food, water, and shelter, while being able to have a limited amount of . 3.112 (b)). (Sect. Animals like rats, mice, birds and other cold-blooded animals are excluded from this law. These requirements are found in Title 9 CFR, Chapter 1, Subchapter A - Animal Welfare, Parts 1, 2, and 3. The definition of terms are set forth in Part 1 of 9 CFR (2022) and are indicated below. Advantages And Disadvantages Of Computer Advantages and disadvantages of computer advantages of computers are : 1.computers proccess data faster 2.computers are more accurate 3.computers are efficient disadvantages of computers are: 1.they rely on electricity, hence limit their reliability 2. It includes, but not limited to, the avoidance of abuse, maltreatment, cruelty and exploitation of animals by humans by maintaining Section 2.31 (c)(2) requires the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) to: "Inspect, at least once every six months, all of the research facility's animal facilities, including animal study areas, using Title 9, Chapter 1, Subchapter A - Animal Welfare, as a basis for evaluation;Provided, however,That animal areas containing free-living wild animals in their natural habitat need not be included in such inspection:". 3.14 (a)(6)). 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