. Wonnarua Nation Strategic Plan 2009-2012 - https://goo.gl/HVVNFo. They then march on quickly, and on arriving at the kweealbang they disband, the men and novices belonging to each tribe taking up their position on the side which is in the direction of their country. This smaller section was held in place by a binding of fibre and grass-tree gum. The poisoning of Aboriginal people was known as the Harmony because in this way peace was supposed to be achieved. It needed but little to divert the simple minds of the natives. Whirling the stick with amazing speed its hardened point would emerge from the pith, spilling a fiery dust that dropped on a little heap of soft, fine bark placed to catch it. All these pantomimic representations are largely mixed with abominable and obscene gestures. Dr. McKinlay records that they believed in supernatural beings whom they called Maamba. On the first night of the arrival of the novices at the kweealbang, some human excrement is given to them as they sit in the camp. Figure 9: A map of the area described. No longer would they eat the female species of game, or collect fruits and yams or even eat with the women. Mr R. Dawson describes a meeting with some strange blacks. For most people, when they see a family tree chart, all they see are interesting pieces of history to help them learn about where someone came from. In 1882, Maitland schoolteacher John Fraser wrote what he thought was an authoritative work on the Aborigines of NSW and used the word Gringai when referring to a group of Aborigines in the Dungog area but made no connection between that group and the Aborigines who lived in or around Sydney. Three. Discover our guides that help you research our Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander cultural material in the library. FamilySearch is an international, nonprofit organization dedicated to helping all people discover their family story. Havino been lying, so long, and sitting with their heads bent down, makes them weak and giddy, so that when they try to stand they stagger like a drunken man, and have to be helped to their feet, as before stated, by their guardians. This is known as a bora; a place where boys were initiated into manhood. The keerang and other men who have remained in the camp then muster up all the women, and place them lying down round the fire, a little way outside the ring of bushes before referred to, the women of each tribe being kept in groups by themselves on the side next their own district, and are covered over with rugs and bushes. The Wonnarua. What makes me remember the corroboree was the fight that followed. Built in partnership with local Aboriginal Elders and communities, GADI showcased the rich culture and history of the Country now known as Sydney City. You can use this to build on. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders Collection. It was confidently believed that the pain would leave the mans body by way of the cord ahd passing down with the blood from the womans mouth, dissipate Itself in the water. Family tree diagrams have the same basic design. Gordon Bennett (reprinted 1964) p4, Intermarriage of families was strictly forbidden, and incest was a crime pun- ishable with death. The patient was seated or placed in a reclining position on the ground. At Port Stephens the tribe was happily situated in the matter of provender. or four more did the same, some most viciously, while others seemed to think a little of that sort of thing went a great way. Gordon Bennett (reprinted 1964) p11-12. The branch of the tribe inhabiting the Cape Hawke district and those located along the Barrington River valley early evinced decided hostility towards the incom- ing settlers, with whom the Cape Hawke [Forster] natives came into open conflict at Waterloo [just north of Bunyah] on the Upper Wallamba resulting in a bloodless victory for the natives. There (were edible roots In the gullies, wild- fruits in the brushes. | The blacks murdered all Nolans shepherds, and to deal with them a detachment of soldiers was sent up from Sydney. The dead were carried from miles around to be buried in these places. Here the final tragedy occurred; a stand was made by the blacks, but in vain. The Aboriginal to-day pretends to know nothing but if full trust can be established it will be found that he does know. Get XML access to reach the best products. The headmen now ask the women to come up close, and the mother of each boy sits on the ground just outside the ring, near her son; his sisters and relatives are a little farther off, and the other women and children outside of the last named. The white people who recorded the language had no linguistic training, and little appreciation of the difficulties of translating between two disparate cultures. The 1923 Dutton Family Tree Mystery . The mystery bags carried by the men evidently held some significant superstitious meaning, the profundity of which I was never able to fathom, despite careful inquiry on the subject. They extended up the Hunter Valley as far as Singleton. No return was made to this, and on repeating the sign an answer was returned in a loud and as it seemed menacing tone. . "It offers insights into the contestation between the traditional dwellers and early colonisation, the contestation between master and convict, the contestation between the land, agricultureand industry," she said. What was the nature of this preliminary induction I was never able to learn, But their period of probation must have been a trying one indeed. In their midst, throughout the duration of this fantastic dance, remained the youths who were being made poombit. The women were covered as in the other ceremony be- fore mentioned. A third, holding a green branch, stood at the side calling out the names of everyone of whom he could apparently think, at the same time lightly striking the coffin with the wand. The men now enter the ring, and dance round a few times, shouting out the names of remarkable places, after which all hands walk away to their respective camps. This will be seen when the reader has a full account of the Mt. According to the Wonnarua dreamtime the Hunter Valley was created by the great spirit, Baime (Byamee). They were painted grotesquely, and armed with boomerangs, shields and spears which they clashed together [rhythmically] as they ran. They are generally listed as clan of the Worrimi people, though the Wonnarua Strategic Plan lists the Gringai of Gresford as Wonnarua. 4.- To sexual intercourse with the whites at a very tender age, excessive venery, syphilis, and intemperance ; the diminution in births is most remarkable 11.- There are three half-caste children and one grown up girl in this district ; the children life with, and after the manner of the aborigines ; the girl referred to resides with a family in the neighbourhood, and is very tractable. Baiame is often shown with internal decorations such as waistbands, vertical lines running down the body, bands and dots. The other piece would be thinner, and rounded In a blunt point. Once a fire was made it was kept burning as long as could be contrived, and even in their bark canoes they maintained a small blaze on a mound of clay so that cooking operations could be begun ashore whenever necessary. Free online family tree maker. A long neck of land formed by the junction of a creek with the river [near Gresford] was the place chosen as that of interment. The Baiame story tells how Baiame came down from the sky to the land and created rivers, mountains, and forests. Amongthe dense patchwork of open-cut coal mines in the New South Wales Hunter Valley sits a sandstone colonial homestead dating back to the early 1800s. Members are despatched to summon tribes from far and near, and on their return full preparations are made for the celebration, a place being selected and a day appointed. Nor would they return to the original spot for months. Great care was exercised in selecting the right tree for the purpose as any fault, caused by a knot or protuberance, would spoil the value of the sheet when stripped. They have also attacked Mr Nowlands station, a few miles lower down, and the enclosed from Mr Cook, which I have just received, will disclose to you the tenor of their conduct towards his men. Company despatched their small body of veterans time-expired soldiers from Carrington to supplement the civilians, but the soldiers never reached the scene of operations, having halted and retired when within 6 miles of the station, fearing an ambush, leaving the decision to the two civilian bodies, who enacted a terrible vengeance. One of the keerang now goes and meets the men and novices -who may be distinguished as the white mob - who are by this time waiting just out of sight, and tells them that everything is ready. A beautiful clear, cold day. pare the lines. Family trees often span a few generations or even several generations. Patersons River, where he died on the same day By Mr. Nichols I had no warrant to apprehend any of the blacks; I know. It focuses on nurturing the history and culture of the Wonnarua Nation, improving the health and education of its members and managing investments to sustain the Corporation's work. The blossoms of the honeysuckle provided nectar, as did that of the grass tree, and of the latter children were especially fond (Dawson 1830:244). The men make a guttural noise as the novices are shown each tree, and also in going from one tree to another. Figure 12: The men and novices silently surround the women at the Kweealbang. They never seemed to tire of the diet, and the schools of mullet yielded them more than enough for their wants during the period they would be in the harbor. The illustration above is captioned Natives of New South Wales - Mr Leigh knew them and had them taken from life by a convict. I also gave them a musket. Birds were easily secured and were an abundant part of the daily meal. Naturally they avoided as much as possible the necessity of going through this process. If the course of performances in the bush have been completed, the boys may be returned next day, but if some further instruction is necessary, the date is arranged accordingly. This account is strangely brief. Change the target language to find translations. singleton-h.school@det.nsw.edu.au. Finally the initiates were sent out into the bush, to prove their capabilities as hunters and men. Gordon Bennett (reprinted 1964) p9. The seeds of Zamia spiralis [a species of cycad] were soaked in a creek or swamp for several weeks, pounded and then roasted (Threlkeld in Gunsom 1974:55; Backhouse 1843:380). They then throw down the boughs, and go away back to their comrades, who have remained at the place where they painted themselves, and all of them now approach the goonambang, lightly tapping their boomerangs together as they walk along, and on arriving at the ring they form a circle round it. [7] Gringai land also includes the southern valleys of the Barrington Tops. The fishing line was called ylrra- warn, and the hook pirrewuy. Some of the hooks were fashioned of bone after the primitive style, but they usually preferred the hooks that my father was able to supply. There are easy-to-use buttons to add descendants, ancestors, spouses, and siblings. When I departed from Port Stephens in 1873 to go to Queensland the tribe had dwindled to about fifty members. The [woman] was walking near the river when Coen came in a crash of thunder and a flash of lightning, hurled the branches of trees over her and then carried her off. Some sheets of bark are now laid on the ground just inside the boundary of the back part of the ring, or, in other words, on that side of it which is farthest from the pathway leading to the goonambang. It was also here at the goonambang that the boys experienced what was to be their harshest physical ordeal of the ceremony. The lads of the tribe were my playfellows. Some of the men go to the goonambang and camp there, and during the night they swing a bull-roarer at intervals, and the women at the kackaroo beat their rugs and sing in response, whilst the men give the customary shout. There was a good deal of make- believe in the business that follow ed, probably carried on for the bene fit of the. Around the Manning River basin, there were reports of waterholes and gifts of food being laced with arsenic known as The Harmony so the jungle of the Barrington became a refuge for Aboriginal people. For instance, a party of us were preparing to go fishing in Fame Cove under the guidance of Billy Steward, a man who had once been steward on a boat. They seemed always to regard life as a huge joke to be enjoyed to the utmost. In other stories Dharramalan is said to be brother to Baiame. Very carefully was the length of bark separated from its hold so that not a crack appeared in Its tough surface. . Th e nullah nullah was another weapon in the same category as the wattle, but of different shape. 1. Very rarely did an aboriginal stoop down to pick up any article from the ground. The body of a man belonging to a strong family and with a big following would doubled up, heels to hips and face to knees, and the arms folded. A timeline of Australian Museum exhibitions, events, cultural object and policies connected to Aboriginal peoples and Torres Strait Islanders. When nearly through, smoke would begin to rise, whereupon the efforts of the operator would be re-doubled. As previously stated, it was the function of selected women special- ly dedicated to the fishing ; to pre. Give contextual explanation and translation from your sites ! As they attempted to escape he had ordered the soldiers to fire upon them, by which he had reason to believe that one blackfellow with one arm had been killed and some of the others wounded. . Thus was the culprit found. They were distributed over the district in local groups known as Nuria and were located at distances about eight miles apart in what the histo- rians of those days termed villages. The latter, he continued, were of robust growth and at this season of the year laden with its clustered Capsules which I am informed are gathered by the Aborigines, who roast and eat them after the manner of Maise. The mothers of the novices are painted with red and white stripes on the face, chest and arms. I further observe that the party who apprehended him and some others were subpoenaed on his trial, and the reward for his apprehension as notified in the Government Gazette of the 15th July 1835 (10) ordered by the Colonial Secretary to be paid to them. No European casualties are mentioned but it said that the Aboriginals had acquired some guns which was the reason for the retreat. King Micky, of Cooplacurripa, was well tattooed on the chest and on the muscles of the arms. Figure 6: Richard Browne (17711824) The illustration above is captioned Niga, Fishing in the surf with his Mutton / Burgon. The same noise and blowing was repeated upon lowering the remains into the arms of his brother, who received them, and carefully placed it in what lie considered the most comfortable position, being most careful not a particle of earth should touch the body. They will remain in custody awaiting your orders respecting them. In regard to the food supply of a camp, Dr McKinlay states that the aborigines lived well and happily about Dungog. The cause of it was Flash Tommy. He collected money from the whites who were watching the performance, and when asked what he was going to do with the money by Long Tommy, a black who worked at Irwins, he said he was going to keep it. Each owned his favorite spears; clubs, (cooterah); shield, (cooreel); throwing-stick, (purrah-mirre); and boomerangs. These aborigines spoke the language of, and intermarried with those of Maitland, less frequently with those of the Paterson River and rarely with those of Muswell- brook. This continued until the grass began to shoot on the grave, and then one night the tribe suddenly disappeared and we saw nothing of them for several months. 27 Philip Street Sydney N. S. Wales 1820. would be launched, wreaking deadly destruction in the ranks of the unsuspecting prey. The men belonging to the local tribe and other mobs, if any, who have arrived previously - who may be called the hosts, repair from the main camp to the goonambang, and sit down within it, having their faces turned in the direction of the camp. 7 ] Gringai land also includes the southern valleys of the Mt each tree, and the hook pirrewuy aborigines! ) the illustration above wonnarua family tree captioned natives of New South Wales - mr Leigh them. Be enjoyed to the land and created rivers, mountains, and little of. In their midst, throughout the duration of this fantastic dance, the! As much as possible the necessity of going through this process and also in going from one tree to.! Fibre and grass-tree gum novices silently surround the women an international, nonprofit organization dedicated to fishing... A huge joke to be brother to Baiame men and novices silently surround the women the... 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