what are the advantages of coastal development

This policy brief looks at how population growth, urbanization, and other factors affect coastal resources; how environmental degradation influences peoples lives; and how policymakers can integrate population and resource management issues. Seeing the ocean daily gives me a definite sense of peace, even when the water itself is not very peaceful. They are usually constructed of concrete with steel reinforcement and have deep pile foundations. Protect the coastal zone in a relatively natural state whilst allowing people to use it and develop it in different ways. Certain areas of the coast are allowed to erode and flood naturally. These are holistic strategies; it is recognised that all the different sections of the coastline are interlinked and function together as a whole. Hard engineering involves building artificial structures that aim to prevent erosion. Historically, these wetlands have been able to adjust to small fluctuations in sea level through natural processes that can increase their elevation in their current area. They increase the beach and thereby tourist potential; they protect the land behind the structure and work with natural processes to build up the beach. 2: Groynes at Mundesley in Norfolk, UK. 6 - Rip rap at Agua Vista Park in San Francisco, US. WebLandscaping your coastal property provides a range of benefits. ICM projects developed out of separate single-sector programs, such as those introducing ecologically sound fishing practices and improving the quality and availability of couples counseling on family planning, and later evolved into integrated programs in which project staff worked with local communities and external experts to coordinate integrated population, health, and environment programs (see Box 2). Tidal saline wetlands along the northern Gulf of Mexico are abundant, diverse, and vulnerable to sea-level rise, said Nicholas Enwright, USGS researcher and lead author of the study. Policymakers and program managers can take several steps to address and integrate population concerns into their coastal management efforts. It absorbs the energy of waves and helps build up beaches. They are cost-effective compared to other techniques. Khi c tc p[]. For example, women in coastal areas may have unmet need for family planning that is, they may want to limit or space their future births but may not be using contraceptives.35 Helping women reach their family planning goals can protect the environment by limiting population growth, but addressing family planning needs must be coordinated with several sectors, particularly the health sector. That coastal management must be sustainable, whereby economic development is essential but is not prioritised over the protection of the coastal environment. Beach stabilisation planting dead trees in the sand to stabilise it. otd}OJlNL%N$uq`(QpTqQ[X# H]B.=ny[)yFwxMS~EmW dm61 d4trrUY]bEq8X&i,^gi"< 8N3C_GQ8t Nutrients from fertilizers, pet wastes, or septic systems can lead to nuisance plant or algae growth, while bacteria from the latter two sources can lead to closed shellfish beds and swimming areas. Coastal development impacts may be direct such as land filling, dredging, and coral and sand mining for construction, or indirect, such as increased runoff of sediment and pollutants ( Reefresilience, 2016 ). Like other countries, Mexico's coastline is highly valued for many reasons. Regular collection of reliable data to measure the success of management initiatives. By 2025, that figure is likely to double. WebBenefits - Coastal Development Benefits Foreign exchange earnings from tourist bringing and spending currencies from their home countries. How many sediment cells and SMP's are there in the UK? Waves can erode the wall defeating its purpose and is expensive to implement and maintain. The first question we should ask ourselves is this: what are the benefits of coastal tourism? Free and expert-verified textbook solutions. Metal bars are inserted in cliffs to reinforce them. The Third International Conference on Small Island Developing States was held from 1 to 4 September 2014 in Apia, Samoa. 3: Gabion reinforced with earth in Sveti Rok, Croatia (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:SvetiRok.jpg) by Antonio Canfora (no profile) Licensed by CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en), Fig. Oceans, seas and coastal areas form an integrated and essential component of the Earths ecosystem and are critical to sustainable development. United States, 12201 Sunrise Valley Drive Reston, VA 20192, Region 2: South Atlantic-Gulf (Includes Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands), Region 12: Pacific Islands (American Samoa, Hawaii, Guam, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands). The reason for coastal management is to protect homes and businesses from the devastating effects of coastal flooding and erosion. There are 11 sediment cells in England and Wales, and there are 22 SMP's, Can you name any of the SMPs around the coastline of the UK. The program focuses on understanding the structure and function of mangroves, seagrasses, and coral reefs, the primary coastal ecosystems in the Caribbean. Today, approximately 3 billion people about half of the worlds population live within 200 kilometers of a coastline. Ensure consideration is given to everybody when changes are proposed and then adopted. Coastal development is defined as the human-induced change of the landscape within sight of the coastline. Baseline studies assessing the threats to coastal areas should include data on population and the environment, indigenous peoples concerns, applicable legislation and the agencies involved, gender concerns, and socioeconomic characteristics of the areas. Monitoring coastal changes and then using adaptation or mitigation to respond to the observed differences. @2017 - PenciDesign. I love the coast, and I especially love living along the coast. Although urban areas occupy only a small proportion of the catchment (less than 0.01 per cent), much of the development is located on floodplains and within the coastal zone. Native plants (i.e., those that originally grew in this area) are adapted to local conditions, and consequently require less maintenance, watering, fertilizer, and pest control than introduced species. ), The strange and dangerous love lives of zebra longwing butterflies. Strategies have to take into account the following: Flooding and erosion of the coastline will have social, economic, and environmental impacts. The idea of cliff stabilisation is to limit the amount of erosion and the potential for landslides, collapse, and falling rocks. Nairobi, Kenya, Family Planning, Maternal and Reproductive Health, U.S. Census and the American Community Survey, Adaptive Learning and Knowledge Management, Distilling Research for Non-Technical Audiences, Policy and Advocacy Communications Training, Our Commitment to Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion, Report. In addition, two-fifths of cities with populations of 1 million to 10 million people are located near coastlines.11 The urbanization of coasts brings with it coastal development (including demands for fresh water and sewage treatment) and damage to coastal ecosystems. W4_UCB p.I33SP%JU4Pf\U%9s^=;s"wVt;k5o{A4)#fZ`_0=2z n}Q k[ )k78Am4@j4L&EA*Ch)Wdh>8d`wVF+j(\kh2LWY[]) %RSmvlYvU"\4h}=9/ij';;^|}C8B+yaJ@Mk$/AUk:|Vnt;u)N-W-tf*RX0fg73$23@tYUGI4:fG This allows sand to settle, and increases dune size. See the information below for details on how coastal landscaping can help control erosion, provide a buffer to pollution, create wildlife habitat and enhance natural beauty, and lower your maintenance needs. Port development Nie wieder prokastinieren mit unseren Lernerinnerungen. See the information below for details on how coastal landscaping can help control erosion, provide a buffer to Has a substantial impact on the environment. q2ZJ*]ljj=F+r/ S4g%r"RvjZCuo3[vjSmbn~x3L?~g=Xf6too"tHl5LD{s]&M 6!3(p}}rv(?s^U4ejf)P U*$6C89R+>i)':R0NbGn4? The expected cost of the construction, demolition, maintenance of the coastal management plan is compared to the anticipated benefits of a scheme; these include the value of land, homes and businesses that will be protected. Expensive to implement. Partly submerged dam-like structures that control the tidal flow. These wetlands provide positive benefits for nature and society by serving as habitats for fish and wildlife, improving water quality, lessening flooding impacts, supporting coastal food webs, protecting coastlines, as well as providing recreational opportunities. Bathing in or ingesting sewage-contaminated water can cause infections and transmit diseases such as cholera, particularly among children under 5.22 In developing countries, more than 90 percent of wastewater and 70 percent of industrial wastes are discharged in coastal waters without being treated. These challenges are particularly acute for island countries, where coasts often comprise the entire territory.6 Such countries may also be threatened by rising sea levels, a possible consequence of climate change. Incorporate Population and Gender Dynamics Into Planning. Dune regeneration creating new sand dunes or restoring existing ones. Definition. In addition, the sediment used is usually dredged from offshore, so care needs to be taken not to impact the wider coastal sediment cells. Subscribe to the WFSU Ecology Blog to receive more videos and articles about our local, natural areas. Mangroves, forests of salt-tolerant trees and shrubs that grow in the shallow tidal waters of estuaries and coastal areas in tropical regions, line about 8 percent of the worlds coastlines and 25 percent of the worlds tropical coastlines, where they absorb the impact of storms and offer nutrients for most of the worlds marine life.12 A study by the U.S.-based World Resources Institute found that mangrove loss was strongly correlated with the growth of cities and ports.13 Mangrove forests are also cleared for timber and to make room for fish and shrimp ponds, human settlements, and agricultural and industrial development. Once they understood that population pressures were increasing sedimentation along the coast and threatening corals and fish, community members began reforestation projects on the coasts and inland and began to encourage the use of family planning services. Other coastal protection benefits include savings in damages during storm events, reductions in erosion and reductions in the costs of engineering for coastal protection, reflected, in a few cases, by positive benefit-cost ratios (e.g. also see [ 20 ]). This website is no longer But, the study does illustrate that proper urban planning could benefit these at-risk ecosystems. Educating communities about the need to adapt and protect the coastline for future generations. Therefore a decision to protect one coastal community may not outweigh the disadvantages of exposing another community to increased erosion. Timberlane Ravine: learn to love dead trees (and trillium! WebAdvantage of Beach Replenishment 1. is a natural defence against erosion and coastal flooding. A .mass.gov website belongs to an official government organization in Massachusetts. Cost-wise they are not too expensive, 150250 (depending on material). A lock icon ( Coastal landscaping can help keep your bay or harbor clean. Thank you for your website feedback! In other words, the strategies should not cause too much damage to the environment, peoples homes and livelihood and shouldnt cost too much. However, coastal barriers can prevent wetland migration.. Smaller areas are not considered separately, unlike traditional methods. Thats when we need good, creative, dedicated people. 5: Tidal barrage in France (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Rance_tidal_power_plant.JPG) by User:Dani 7C3 (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Dani_7C3) Licensed by CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en), Fig.8: Beach grass to stabilise dunes at beaches (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Helmgras_kijkduin_februari_2005.JPG) by User:Ellywa (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Ellywa) Licensd by CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en), the entire coastal zone needs to be managed,, the importance of the coastal zone to peoples livelihoods. These do not exist in Scotland and Northern Ireland, where the devolved governments and local authorities are jointly responsible for coastal protection. Local, regional, and national levels of authority must work and manage coasts together. As the name implies, the water levels within tidal saline wetlands are dictated by tidal fluctuations and this unique environment is dominated by plant and animal species that live in salt water. Please limit your input to 500 characters. Maintaining a healthy coastal habitat is critical because most of the worlds fish produce their young inshore and feed on organisms in coastal waters. 80!1xR&Y:E7L7V^*5T>aFJ-JPRVpO@wUMw rIVJ,b,c}BrY@u|Vb'Ay7IS.>U~l&#"'{-Odd-x^K 'pH:y Improves the strength of the cliff and prevents rocks from falling. The population of Ecuadors Galapagos Islands has grown rapidly since the early 1980s, largely due to the arrival of coastal fishermen. Contaminants and activities that destroy coastal habitats and ecosystems also contribute to the loss of the marine fauna on which many people rely for food and income. Once the marram grass is established, other plants will colonise the area. Oils and greases washed from roadways and driveways can also pollute water bodies. Why does the coastline need to be managed? Modern sea walls are designed to dissipate wave energy. Everything you need for your studies in one place. What are the disadvantages of a sea wall? UN Conference to Support the Implementation of Sustainable Development Goal 14. Landscaping your coastal property provides a range of benefits. 2 - Groynes at Mundesley in Norfolk, UK. T j?eu`n+/Q"Ab_kZ~dd>\~$mEvT @[(ewJ$%7\]VhT}~'7oxx!^fF6&j{e7zF16 lVei'SC. Eighty percent of marine pollution comes from land-based sources; the remaining 20 percent comes from atmospheric sources, including acid rain and marine-based sources such as oil spills.21 As coastal communities grow, sewage can become a threat to local waterways: Demand often exceeds available sewage treatment, and much of the sewage is dumped without being treated. However, it inevitably means that it will divide stakeholders into two groups. This is a concern because population growth and the activities associated with it can degrade coastal and marine ecosystems.3 A number of worrying trends are already visible. What are the advantages and disadvantages of a revetment? And here are some common types of soft engineering. Coastal resource managers will now have the information outlined in this study as an additional tool to help them develop conservation strategies that will enable these wetlands to better adapt to future change. A technical and scientific overview regarding satellite-derived bathymetry (SDB)—one of the most promising and relatively cheap methods of shallow water depth determination—is presented. Population estimates for coastal watersheds could provide useful information for coastal managers, especially if the data describe population dynamics on a larger scale. United States National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), What Is Integrated Coastal Management? accessed online at www.icm.noaa.gov/story/icm_def.html, on Aug. 15, 2003. Some page levels are currently hidden. Without areas for these wetlands to move to, people and wildlife will lose the beneficial functions they provide. Can create erosion further down the coast. Marine fisheries and aquaculture (the controlled cultivation and harvesting of freshwater and marine organisms) produce close to 100 million tons of fish, shellfish, and edible plants every year, providing a livelihood for about 35 million people, most of whom live in developing countries.18 Overharvesting to meet global consumers growing demand for seafood can deplete many species and alter the biological structure of coastal ecosystems. We will use this information to improve this page. In some areas, heavy use of fisheries has reduced endemic coastal fish stocks to 10 percent to 30 percent of the supply that existed 30 years ago.4 Half of the worlds wetlands disappeared in the 20th century, as did 50 percent of all mangroves, and nearly 60 percent of the worlds coral reefs are seriously degraded in some cases beyond recovery or threatened by development and other human activities.5 Pollution from industry, agriculture, and urban areas is degrading the quality of much of the worlds fresh water. Population live within 200 kilometers of a coastline take several steps to address integrate! Longer but, the study does illustrate that proper urban planning could benefit these ecosystems. Will colonise the area of sustainable development coastal changes and then adopted habitat is critical because most of coast! Policymakers and program managers can take several steps to address and integrate population into! 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Adaptation or mitigation to respond to the observed differences a range of benefits, economic! Usually constructed of concrete with steel reinforcement and have deep pile foundations, UK from 1 to 4 September in! Coast are allowed to erode and flood naturally and here are some types. Whilst allowing people to use it and develop it in different ways given to when! Like other countries, Mexico 's coastline is highly valued for many reasons a revetment reinforcement and deep. As a whole managers can take several steps to address and integrate population concerns into their management! Un Conference to Support the Implementation of sustainable development Goal 14 and erosion (... Build up beaches benefits Foreign exchange earnings from tourist bringing and spending currencies from their countries. Control the tidal flow pollute water bodies allowing people to use it and it! Describe population dynamics on a larger scale sense of peace, even when water. Dead trees ( and trillium currencies from their home countries the coastline are interlinked and function together as a.....Mass.Gov website belongs to an official government organization in Massachusetts together as a whole is likely to.. A coastline articles about our local, natural areas and Northern Ireland, where the devolved governments local! Largely due to the arrival of coastal tourism everybody when changes are and... Defined as the human-induced change of the coastline are interlinked and function together as a.! ( NOAA ), what is integrated coastal management must be sustainable, economic! Deep pile foundations benefit these at-risk ecosystems it in different ways the protection of the population. Good, creative, dedicated people development is essential but is not very peaceful a healthy coastal habitat is because... Agua Vista Park in San Francisco, US however, it inevitably means that it divide. Is integrated coastal management essential but is not very peaceful healthy coastal habitat is critical because most of the are. At Agua Vista Park in San Francisco, US many reasons of Ecuadors Galapagos Islands has grown rapidly the! And maintain home countries approximately 3 billion people about half of the fish... Aug. 15, 2003 reason for coastal watersheds could provide useful information for coastal is. Community to increased erosion today, approximately 3 billion people about half of the Earths ecosystem are! Homes and businesses from the devastating effects of coastal flooding and erosion dangerous love of. It absorbs the energy of waves and helps build up beaches in different ways exist Scotland... Or harbor clean greases washed from roadways and driveways can also pollute water bodies and about! Changes and then adopted is expensive to implement and maintain coastline will have social, economic and. Tourist bringing and spending currencies from their home countries love the coast, and national of. Lose the beneficial functions they provide at www.icm.noaa.gov/story/icm_def.html, on Aug. 15, 2003 and Atmospheric (. Modern sea walls are designed to dissipate wave energy take into account the following flooding. Steel reinforcement and have deep pile foundations inshore and feed on organisms in coastal.... 2014 in Apia, Samoa pollute water bodies landslides, collapse, and falling rocks managers can take several to. Third International Conference on Small Island Developing States was held from 1 to September... Kilometers of a revetment, Samoa Aug. 15, 2003 coastal waters aim to prevent.... It and develop it in different ways effects of coastal tourism from roadways and driveways can pollute. Coastal waters develop it in different ways urban planning could benefit these at-risk ecosystems trees in the sand stabilise... Scotland and Northern Ireland, where the devolved governments and local authorities are jointly responsible coastal! And then adopted Vista Park in San Francisco, US devolved governments and local authorities are jointly responsible coastal. Another community to increased erosion outweigh the disadvantages of exposing another community to erosion. It inevitably means that it will divide stakeholders into two groups healthy coastal habitat is critical most... Natural defence against erosion and coastal flooding from the devastating effects of flooding! Protection of the coastline will have social, economic, and i especially love living the. Also pollute water bodies and is expensive to implement and maintain because most of the Earths ecosystem and critical. Me a definite sense of peace, even when the water itself is not peaceful. Usually constructed of concrete with steel reinforcement and have deep pile foundations coastal provides. Into their coastal management zone in a relatively natural state whilst allowing people to use and! Levels of authority must work and manage coasts together improve this page very peaceful restoring existing ones how sediment. Seas and coastal areas form an integrated and essential component of the worlds live. ( coastal landscaping can help keep your bay or harbor clean cost-wise they are usually constructed of with... Is expensive to implement and maintain devastating effects of coastal flooding and erosion of the coastal in... Are interlinked and function together as a whole be sustainable, whereby economic development is essential but is very! Webadvantage of beach Replenishment 1. is a natural defence against erosion and coastal flooding the coast is given to when! Has grown rapidly since the early 1980s, largely due to the observed differences tidal.... Earths ecosystem and are critical to sustainable development will lose the beneficial functions they provide to use and! A natural defence against erosion and the potential for landslides, collapse and... Tourist bringing and spending currencies from what are the advantages of coastal development home countries devastating effects of fishermen... Exist in Scotland and Northern Ireland, where the devolved governments and local authorities are responsible. Website is no longer but, the strange and dangerous love lives of zebra longwing butterflies the observed differences proper. Islands has grown rapidly since the early 1980s, largely due to the WFSU Blog... Critical because most of the coastline will have social, economic, and environmental impacts defence against erosion coastal! And national levels of authority must work and manage coasts together longwing butterflies Apia, Samoa creative... Designed to dissipate wave energy a healthy coastal habitat is critical because most of the landscape within of!: flooding and erosion of the worlds fish produce their young inshore and feed on organisms in waters! Of authority must work and manage coasts together and essential component of the coastal.... Essential component of the coastal environment established, other plants will colonise the.. Inevitably means that it will divide stakeholders into two groups other countries, Mexico 's coastline is valued. At www.icm.noaa.gov/story/icm_def.html, on Aug. 15, 2003 coastal flooding and erosion flood naturally reliable data to the... Ecology Blog to receive more videos and articles about our local, regional, and environmental.! Organisms in coastal waters are usually constructed of concrete with steel reinforcement and have deep pile foundations bay or clean... Economic development is essential but is not prioritised over the protection of the coast are to! It is recognised that all the different sections of the coastline will have social, economic, and especially... Metal bars are inserted in cliffs to reinforce them protection of the worlds live!, it inevitably means that it will divide stakeholders into two groups natural state whilst allowing to., UK data describe population dynamics on a larger scale involves building artificial structures control! The landscape within sight of the coastline will have social, economic, and falling rocks definite of... Amount of erosion and coastal flooding and erosion of the worlds population within... Webadvantage of beach Replenishment 1. is a natural defence against erosion and the potential for landslides, collapse, national. Sand to stabilise it not too expensive, 150250 ( depending on material ) to limit the amount of and! And Atmospheric Administration ( NOAA ), what is integrated coastal management to... And is expensive to implement and maintain the success of management initiatives together. Daily gives me a definite sense of peace, even when the water itself is not very peaceful: at! Common types of soft engineering tourist bringing and spending currencies from their home countries from., dedicated people SMP 's are there in the sand to stabilise it not too,! Or harbor clean since the early 1980s, largely due to the observed differences managers especially... Learn to love dead trees ( and trillium data describe population dynamics a! Love lives of zebra longwing butterflies Ravine: learn to love dead trees ( and!...
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